Research pieces, case studies, and company updates from Equilibrium.https://equilibrium.co/https://equilibrium.co/writing/eiger-equilibrium-unite/https://equilibrium.co/writing/eiger-equilibrium-unite/Eiger and Equilibrium Labs are merging to form Equilibrium — a unified team advancing the infrastructure that powers the decentralized web.Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/zair-zero-knowledge-selective-disclosure-for-zcash-notes/https://equilibrium.co/writing/zair-zero-knowledge-selective-disclosure-for-zcash-notes/Imagine proving you hold Zcash without revealing which note, how much, or anything else. That's no longer hypothetical. Here's how we built the first end-to-end selective disclosure tool for Sapling and OrchardTue, 21 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/state-of-verifiable-inference/https://equilibrium.co/writing/state-of-verifiable-inference/Verifiable inference enables proving the correct model and weights were used, and that inputs/outputs were not tampered with. This post covers different approaches to achieve verifiable inference, teams working on this problem, and future directions.Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/introducing-entrepreneur-in-residence-program/https://equilibrium.co/writing/introducing-entrepreneur-in-residence-program/After 6+ years of building core blockchain infrastructure across most ecosystems and incubating ventures like ZkCloud, we're looking for ambitious pre-founders with whom to collaborate closely.Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTventureshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/from-speculation-to-utility-next-steps-for-onchain-lending-markets/https://equilibrium.co/writing/from-speculation-to-utility-next-steps-for-onchain-lending-markets/Despite its promises, onchain lending still mostly caters to crypto-natives and provides little utility besides speculation. This post explores a path to gradually move to more productive use cases, low-hanging fruit, and challenges we might face.Mon, 10 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTventureshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/blockchains-cryptography-authenticity-challenge/https://equilibrium.co/writing/blockchains-cryptography-authenticity-challenge/As gen-AI models improve, it's becoming increasingly difficult to differentiate between AI- and human-generated content. This piece dives into whether cryptography and blockchains can solve the authenticity challenge and help restore trust on the InternetTue, 18 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/vertical-integration-ethereum-and-eth-asset/https://equilibrium.co/writing/vertical-integration-ethereum-and-eth-asset/In recent months, lackadaisical price action and usage growing on other L1/L2s has driven a discussion on what Ethereum’s role and the value of ETH, the asset is long-term.Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMTventureshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-20/https://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-20/Combining Labs (our R&D studio) and Ventures (our early-stage venture fund) under one unified brand, Equilibrium, enables us to provide more comprehensive support to early-stage builders and double down on our core mission of building the decentralized webWed, 29 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMTventureshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/predictions-for-2025/https://equilibrium.co/writing/predictions-for-2025/For the first time, we are publishing our annual predictions for what will happen by the end of next year and where the industry is headed. Joint work between the two arms of Equilibrium - Labs and Ventures.Thu, 28 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMTventureshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/open-problems-in-privacy/https://equilibrium.co/writing/open-problems-in-privacy/In the third (and final) part of our privacy series, we explore nine open engineering problems in the blockchain privacy space in addition to touching on the social/regulatory challenges.Thu, 07 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/aleo-mainnet-launch-reflecting-on-the-journey/https://equilibrium.co/writing/aleo-mainnet-launch-reflecting-on-the-journey/Equilibrium started working with Aleo back in 2020 when ZKPs were still mostly a theoretical concept and programmable privacy in blockchains was in its infancy. Following Aleo's mainnet launch, we reflect on our journey and highlight key contributions.Tue, 15 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/do-all-roads-lead-to-mpc/https://equilibrium.co/writing/do-all-roads-lead-to-mpc/This post argues that the end-game for privacy infra falls back to the trust assumptions of MPC, if we want to avoid single points of failure. We explore the maturity of MPC & its trust assumptions, highlight alternative approaches, and compare tradeoffs.Mon, 12 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/working-on-aptos-insights-into-mutation-testing-and-specification-assurance/https://equilibrium.co/writing/working-on-aptos-insights-into-mutation-testing-and-specification-assurance/How mutation testing strengthens Move smart-contract specifications on Aptos. We introduce move-mutator and move-spec-test, two tools for finding weak spots the Move Prover misses.Thu, 01 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-brings-move-to-polkadot/https://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-brings-move-to-polkadot/We have completed the Move-on-Substrate integration: a pallet that lets any Substrate chain execute Move smart contracts, making Move parachains on Polkadot possible.Tue, 23 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/lumina-release-start-celestia-light-node/https://equilibrium.co/writing/lumina-release-start-celestia-light-node/We're excited to release Lumina. Go to https://lumina.rs/ and run a Celestia light node in the browser. By running Lumina you synchronize with the network, sample data availability, directly verify correctness and contribute to the network healthTue, 23 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/what-do-we-actually-mean-when-we-talk-about-privacy-in-blockchain-networks/https://equilibrium.co/writing/what-do-we-actually-mean-when-we-talk-about-privacy-in-blockchain-networks/An attempt to define what we mean by privacy, exploring how and why privacy in blockchain networks differs from web2, and why it's more difficult to achieve. We also provide a framework to evaluate different approaches for achieving privacy in blockchain.Wed, 12 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/will-zk-eat-the-modular-stack/https://equilibrium.co/writing/will-zk-eat-the-modular-stack/Modularity enables faster experimentation along the tradeoff-frontier, whereas ZK provides stronger guarantees. While both of these are interesting to study on their own, this post explores the cross-over between the two.Tue, 09 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-taking-over-ownership-for-beerus-working-on-starknet-light-clients/https://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-taking-over-ownership-for-beerus-working-on-starknet-light-clients/Equilibrium is taking over development of Beerus, a Starknet light client. Our roadmap: sync from a proven root, header caching, confidence levels, and broader testing.Tue, 16 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/nebula-for-soroban-simplifying-contract-execution/https://equilibrium.co/writing/nebula-for-soroban-simplifying-contract-execution/Nebula is an Equilibrium tool that simplifies building Soroban smart contracts on Stellar. An introduction to Stellar, Soroban, and what Nebula does for contract development.Tue, 16 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/enhancing-rust-rpc-client-and-nodes-for-celestia-network/https://equilibrium.co/writing/enhancing-rust-rpc-client-and-nodes-for-celestia-network/A case study on the Rust RPC client and nodes we built for Celestia's data-availability network, and how they simplify developer interaction with the chain.Thu, 14 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/movevm-for-polkadot/https://equilibrium.co/writing/movevm-for-polkadot/We built a Substrate pallet that runs Move smart contracts on Substrate-based chains. How the MoveVM pallet works and what it opens up for developers.Mon, 11 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/unveiling-the-zcash-uniffi-library/https://equilibrium.co/writing/unveiling-the-zcash-uniffi-library/Using Mozilla's UniFFI, we generated foreign-language bindings for Zcash's Rust libraries, so developers can build Zcash apps in Ruby, Python, Kotlin, or Swift without switching to Rust.Mon, 23 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/privacy-blockchains-and-aleo-deep-dive/https://equilibrium.co/writing/privacy-blockchains-and-aleo-deep-dive/Programmable privacy in blockchains is an emergent theme. This post covers what privacy in blockchains entail, why most blockchains today are still transparent and more. We also provide a deepdive into Aleo - one of the pioneers of programmable privacy!Thu, 05 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/icp-light-client/https://equilibrium.co/writing/icp-light-client/How we ported an Ethereum light client to the Internet Computer, hardening cross-chain communication for high-value applications that rely on ICP's HTTPS outcalls.Mon, 18 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/elusiv-bringing-privacy-to-solana/https://equilibrium.co/writing/elusiv-bringing-privacy-to-solana/A look at Elusiv, a zero-knowledge privacy protocol on Solana, and our year of work building its decentralized compliance tooling and the Warden network.Mon, 04 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/roundtable-discussion-regarding-the-fireblocks-si-partnership/https://equilibrium.co/writing/roundtable-discussion-regarding-the-fireblocks-si-partnership/Three of our engineers discuss the Fireblocks Systems Integrator training, the challenges of implementing custody technology, and why the partnership matters.Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/introducing-opevm-the-next-generation-optimistic-evm-rollup/https://equilibrium.co/writing/introducing-opevm-the-next-generation-optimistic-evm-rollup/Introducing OpEVM, a sovereign, EVM-compatible optimistic rollup built on Avail and Polygon Edge — a collaboration between Avail and Equilibrium Group.Tue, 25 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-becomes-first-systems-integrator-for-fireblocks/https://equilibrium.co/writing/equilibrium-becomes-first-systems-integrator-for-fireblocks/Equilibrium is the first company accredited as a Fireblocks Systems Integrator. What an SI partnership involves, and how our team helps institutions adopt Fireblocks safely.Wed, 07 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/2022-year-in-review/https://equilibrium.co/writing/2022-year-in-review/If you’re reading this, you already know that 2022 was a tumultuous year for the blockchain industry, and we see little value in rehashing it. But you probably also agree with us that despite many challenges, there’s been a tremendous amount of progress.Sun, 12 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/testing-zcash-network/https://equilibrium.co/writing/testing-zcash-network/In early March of 2021, a small team from Equilibrium Labs applied for a grant to build a network test suite for Zcash nodes we named Ziggurat.Tue, 31 May 2022 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/connecting-rust-and-ipfs/https://equilibrium.co/writing/connecting-rust-and-ipfs/A Rust implementation of the InterPlanetary FileSystem for high performance or resource constrained environments. Includes a blockstore, a libp2p integration which includes DHT content discovery and pubsub support, and HTTP API bindings.Wed, 30 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMTlabshttps://equilibrium.co/writing/rebranding-equilibrium/https://equilibrium.co/writing/rebranding-equilibrium/A look back at how we put together the Equilibrium 2.0 brand over four months in 2021 and found ourselves in brutalist digital zen gardens.Sun, 13 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMTlabs